Q. Describe the achievements of the young revolutionaries for the cause of national movement between the period 1920-47?

Ans.



 In 1926, Sardar Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and some other revolutionary young men started the "Naujawan Bharat Sabha" at Lahore. Soon many branches of this underground society were established at many places in the Punjab. In 1929, it was merged with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association which was organised by Chandra Shekhar Azad and many other revolutionaries from Bengal, Bihar, Rajasthan and U.P. This party gave a new lease of life to the Hindustan Republican Party which had been formed by Ram Prashad Bismal and Ashfaq Ullah.

Bhagat Singh and his comrades were not content only with the murder of the British officers but they also believed that common people must be associated with the national movement. They had a definite programme for the future. They wanted to bring home to the British rulers that the Indian youth could no longer tolerate the foreign rule. To attract the attention of the people, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt dropped a bomb on the floor of the Central Legislative Assembly on 8 April 1929. The bomb was not to kill but only to make the deaf ears of the British Government hear. They snouted trie slogan 'Tnqalab Zindabad" and allowed themselves to be arrested-

Bhagat Singh and his two comrades Raj Guru and Sukhdev were sentenced to death by a Special Court on the charge of murdering Saunders, the Deputy Superintendent of Police, Lahore. They were hanged on March 23, 1931 in the Lahore Central Jail.

Gradually, the revolutionary activities came to a stop. Chandra Shekhar Azad was killed in a shooting encounter with the police at Allahabad in February 1931. In the Bengal, Surya Sen was arrested and hanged Soon after. Stray incidents of terrorism, however, continued. In 1940 A.D., Sardar Udham Singh killed in England Michael O'Dwyer, who had been the Governor of the Punjab at the time of Jallianwala Bagh massacre. Udham Singh died on the gallows in June 1940.