Q. Describe the development of literature in India in the 19th and 20th centuries A.D?

Ans. 



In the modern times, there has been a remarkable growth of literature in our country. Rabindra Nath Tagore was the most outstanding literary figure of the age. He wrote mostly in Bengali. His famous work 'Gitanjali' won for him the Nobel Prize. He also composed our national anthem, His emotional songs "Rabindra Sangeet" stir our hearts. Modern novel was born in the latter half of the 19th century.Bankim Chadra Chatterji wrote his well-known novel "Anand Math". It contains "Bande Matram" which is honoured as the national song of India. MunsM Prem Chand was the foremost writer who took Urdu and Hindi story writing to the heights of glory. He is also the king of novel writers. His famous novels "Rangbhumi" and "Godan" have become immortal. Among the romantic poets of India, compositions of Mirza Ghalib and Dr. Muhammad Iqbal in Urdu, Mahadevi Verma in Hindi, Qazi Nazarul Islam in Bengali,Keshavsut in Marathi, G. Shankar Karup in Malyalam and Subramanyam Bharati in Tamil are really worth mentioning. Some Indian writers' have produced excellent books in English. Of these, Mulk Raj Anand's 'Coolie', Nirad C. Chaudhari's "Autobiography of an unknown Indian" and R. K. Narayan's "Guide" are internationally famous.