Ans.
At this time (1919 A.D.), Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation, appeared on the political scene of India in 1919 to lead the freedom struggle till the country achieved her independence in 1947.
Influences on Gandhiji's ideology. Gandhi was greatly influenced by the political ideas of Gopal Krishna Gokhale and considered him as his "Political Guru". Gandhiji learnt his faith in non-violence from Jainism. The Bible gave him the sermon not to hurt any body's heart. It also taught him to love and to do good to others. Gita taught him to render selfless service. From David Thoreau, he borrowed the idea of civil disobedience and from Leo Tolstoy, the idea of solving all the problems with love.
Truth and Non-violence. Gandhiji believed in truth and non-violence. He said that non-violence was the guiding principle of mankind. It was the creed of the brave and not of the cowards. "Truth is God", the nearest approach to truth is through love.
Satyagraha. Gandhiji made use of Satyagraha to face evil and achieve political aims. It means self-suffering and not to hurt the opponent. It brings about the change in the heart of the opponent. It awakens his soul. Gandhiji describes the various kinds of Satyagraha e.g. non-cooperation, civil disobedience, fasting and Hijrat.
Ends and Means. Gandhiji wanted to make' political life clean. He said there is a close relationship between ends and means. He considered purity of means necessary to achieve political goals.
Belief in Democracy. Gandhiji was in favour of representative democracy. He wanted the state authority to be based on the consent of the people.
Uplift of Harijans and Social Reforms. Gandhiji was severely opposed to the practice of untouchability. He worked untiringly for the uplift of the Harijans. He lived among them in their colonies. He sat and ate with them. Gandhiji was also a great social reformer. He preached against drinking and exploitation of women.
Swadeshi, Khadi and Charkha. Mahatma Gandhi preached and practised Swadeshi. He asked his followers to wear Khadi. He made the Charkha a symbol of national movement. He led the movement for the boycott of foreign goods. His followers picketed the shops selling foreign made goods.
Hindu-Muslim Unity. Gandhi believed in the brotherhood of mankind. He loved all. He firmly believed that Hindu-Muslim unity was essential for the success of the national movement. Both the communities should work soulder to shoulder to bring peace and prosperity to the country,
At this time (1919 A.D.), Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation, appeared on the political scene of India in 1919 to lead the freedom struggle till the country achieved her independence in 1947.
Influences on Gandhiji's ideology. Gandhi was greatly influenced by the political ideas of Gopal Krishna Gokhale and considered him as his "Political Guru". Gandhiji learnt his faith in non-violence from Jainism. The Bible gave him the sermon not to hurt any body's heart. It also taught him to love and to do good to others. Gita taught him to render selfless service. From David Thoreau, he borrowed the idea of civil disobedience and from Leo Tolstoy, the idea of solving all the problems with love.
Truth and Non-violence. Gandhiji believed in truth and non-violence. He said that non-violence was the guiding principle of mankind. It was the creed of the brave and not of the cowards. "Truth is God", the nearest approach to truth is through love.
Satyagraha. Gandhiji made use of Satyagraha to face evil and achieve political aims. It means self-suffering and not to hurt the opponent. It brings about the change in the heart of the opponent. It awakens his soul. Gandhiji describes the various kinds of Satyagraha e.g. non-cooperation, civil disobedience, fasting and Hijrat.
Ends and Means. Gandhiji wanted to make' political life clean. He said there is a close relationship between ends and means. He considered purity of means necessary to achieve political goals.
Belief in Democracy. Gandhiji was in favour of representative democracy. He wanted the state authority to be based on the consent of the people.
Uplift of Harijans and Social Reforms. Gandhiji was severely opposed to the practice of untouchability. He worked untiringly for the uplift of the Harijans. He lived among them in their colonies. He sat and ate with them. Gandhiji was also a great social reformer. He preached against drinking and exploitation of women.
Swadeshi, Khadi and Charkha. Mahatma Gandhi preached and practised Swadeshi. He asked his followers to wear Khadi. He made the Charkha a symbol of national movement. He led the movement for the boycott of foreign goods. His followers picketed the shops selling foreign made goods.
Hindu-Muslim Unity. Gandhi believed in the brotherhood of mankind. He loved all. He firmly believed that Hindu-Muslim unity was essential for the success of the national movement. Both the communities should work soulder to shoulder to bring peace and prosperity to the country,
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